It was shown that the secondary valve concept is capable of controlling the output of an internal combustion engine, while increasing the operating efficiency and reducing the emission of NOx through the use of Miller cycle operation and throttle free load control. As part of an EU funded project entitled 'Magnetic Movement Valve for Miller Cycle operation of engines', the application of a novel secondary valve apparatus to an internal combustion engine was investigated through the use of computer modelling. Tighter emission legislation imposed after the Kyoto agreement has resulted in technological advances in the field of internal combustion engines improving the economy of modern motor vehicles while reducing their emissions of C02 and particulate matter.

A review of the developments in engine technology, with specific focus on improvements in engine efficiency and emission reductions was undertaken. Within this thesis is an investigation and appraisal of alternative automotive fuels, internal combustion engine technology and emission reduction techniques. Alternative fuels and technology for internal combustion engines.

Alternative fuels for ic engines